Know more

About cookies

What is a "cookie"?

A "cookie" is a piece of information, usually small and identified by a name, which may be sent to your browser by a website you are visiting. Your web browser will store it for a period of time, and send it back to the web server each time you log on again.

Different types of cookies are placed on the sites:

  • Cookies strictly necessary for the proper functioning of the site
  • Cookies deposited by third party sites to improve the interactivity of the site, to collect statistics

Learn more about cookies and how they work

The different types of cookies used on this site

Cookies strictly necessary for the site to function

These cookies allow the main services of the site to function optimally. You can technically block them using your browser settings but your experience on the site may be degraded.

Furthermore, you have the possibility of opposing the use of audience measurement tracers strictly necessary for the functioning and current administration of the website in the cookie management window accessible via the link located in the footer of the site.

Technical cookies

Name of the cookie

Purpose

Shelf life

CAS and PHP session cookies

Login credentials, session security

Session

Tarteaucitron

Saving your cookie consent choices

12 months

Audience measurement cookies (AT Internet)

Name of the cookie

Purpose

Shelf life

atid

Trace the visitor's route in order to establish visit statistics.

13 months

atuserid

Store the anonymous ID of the visitor who starts the first time he visits the site

13 months

atidvisitor

Identify the numbers (unique identifiers of a site) seen by the visitor and store the visitor's identifiers.

13 months

About the AT Internet audience measurement tool :

AT Internet's audience measurement tool Analytics is deployed on this site in order to obtain information on visitors' navigation and to improve its use.

The French data protection authority (CNIL) has granted an exemption to AT Internet's Web Analytics cookie. This tool is thus exempt from the collection of the Internet user's consent with regard to the deposit of analytics cookies. However, you can refuse the deposit of these cookies via the cookie management panel.

Good to know:

  • The data collected are not cross-checked with other processing operations
  • The deposited cookie is only used to produce anonymous statistics
  • The cookie does not allow the user's navigation on other sites to be tracked.

Third party cookies to improve the interactivity of the site

This site relies on certain services provided by third parties which allow :

  • to offer interactive content;
  • improve usability and facilitate the sharing of content on social networks;
  • view videos and animated presentations directly on our website;
  • protect form entries from robots;
  • monitor the performance of the site.

These third parties will collect and use your browsing data for their own purposes.

How to accept or reject cookies

When you start browsing an eZpublish site, the appearance of the "cookies" banner allows you to accept or refuse all the cookies we use. This banner will be displayed as long as you have not made a choice, even if you are browsing on another page of the site.

You can change your choices at any time by clicking on the "Cookie Management" link.

You can manage these cookies in your browser. Here are the procedures to follow: Firefox; Chrome; Explorer; Safari; Opera

For more information about the cookies we use, you can contact INRAE's Data Protection Officer by email at cil-dpo@inrae.fr or by post at :

INRAE

24, chemin de Borde Rouge -Auzeville - CS52627 31326 Castanet Tolosan cedex - France

Last update: May 2021

Menu Logo Logo Union Europeenne Partenaires COLBICS

FP7 Marie Curie IAPP - Colbics - Project

FP7 Marie Curie IAPP - Colbics Project

Exploring and exploiting intraspecfic diversity in Trichogramma brassicae

Intraspecific diversity in Trichogramma brassicae

Trichogramma brassicae is frequently used as a biological control agent (BCA) against the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis. Its wide use and its economic importance rank it as a suitable case study for selection programmes in order to obtain populations with increased fitness and field efficiency. Paving the way for such a programme requires the exploration and characterization of the intraspecific diversity that may be used as a basis for a selection programme. 

trichogrammepatch

During the course of the project, the mixed INRA-IAS-PUC R&D team have investigated the intraspecific diversity in T. brassicae as BCA. First, the T. brassicae diversity in Europe was explored by sampling different regions and countries (Croatia, Moldavia, France…). Crosses between population samples were performed in order to increase variability in a single large laboratory population. From this large laboratory population, several laboratory strains (isolines) were created from one female. Then, several protocols were implemented in order to study different phenotypic traits in the isolines including walking activity, flight activity, host detection capacity, oviposition behaviour, fecundity and longevity.

phenotypage

After that, the same isolines were field-released to characterize their dispersion and efficacy, and correlate traits measured in the laboratory and in the field. More precisely, artificial patches of Ephestia kuehniella eggs were used to study dispersal behaviour of 11selected isolines in maize field. All strains were introduced in the field at the same time. At final, six spatial repetitions and three temporary repetitions were carried out. In parallel, the isolines genotype was characterized by 16 microsatellite markers.

mais

The results obtained shown that they are a high intraspecific variability between lines, not only in laboratory test, but also in the field test. In fact, thanks to the microsatellites kit developed by the mixed team INRA-IAS, it was possible to distinguish the different lines of Trichogramma after releasing them in the field and then to analyse precisely their dispersion pattern. Some strains showed good dispersion and parasitism patterns in the field, suggesting a more efficiency and thus the development of a new Trichogramma product for IAS.

trichooeufsephestia